logo
Call us: +44 (0)1865 244727

  • Home
  • Scope
  • News
  • Products
    • RADAR
    • CALL-OFF PROJECTS
  • Clients
  • Contact
  • How we work
    • Independent
      • Common law orthodoxies
      • Sensationalism
      • Expert witness
      • Regulation and Politics
      • Tied services
    • Up-to-date
      • Timely
      • Insurance Scenarios
      • Probabilistic Methods
    • Expert
      • Personal Injury
      • Trends
    • Innovative
  • Database
    • Member’s login
    • Member’s Settings
    • Register
    • RADAR Database
  • Recent projects
    • EMFs
    • STRESS AT WORK
    • WHIPLASH
    • WELDING RODS: MANGANESE EXPOSURE
    • ENVIRONMENTAL TOBACCO SMOKE
    • Other Projects



2006: Gene flow as a function of distance.

Jul 05, 2012
by Andrew@Reliabilityoxford.co.uk
0 Comment
Evidence from:

F Wang et al. Plant Biotechnology Journal (2006) Vol.4 p 667 – 676
“A large-scale field study of transgene flow from cultivated rice (Oryza sativa) to common wild rice (O. rufipogon) and barnyard grass (Echinochloa crusgalli)”

Pollen mediated gene flow is known to vary with distance between source and receptor, with family closeness and with timing. In this study a large area of land was planted with GM and non-GM rice at various times to ensure some synchronisation of flowering. In this experiment the GM rice was herbicide tolerant.

The maximum transgene flow was between 11% and 18% when source and receptor were within 1 metre. Probability of flow decreased rapidly with distance reaching 0.01% at 150 to 250 metres. Probability was related to wind speed; greater transport distances were detected in areas with higher wind speeds.

Gene flow to barnyard grass, grown amongst the GM rice for 5 successive years, could not be detected.

Comment
The rates of gene flow reported here are unusually high; the result of careful control to test maximum probabilities in the field. Rates were above 1% even at 20 metres.

Resistance to herbicide need not be the result of transgene flow from the GM plant. Repeated application of just one type of herbicide will create selection pressure in native weeds and encourage the development of resistance. Evidence for this is summarised in: TRENDS in Plant Science Vol.11 No.7 July 2006 p 324-328. The increased use of GM crops will encourage the intensive regular use of specific herbicides.

Leave a Reply Cancel reply

*
*

captcha *

Search Documents


Categories

  • Causation
    • de minimis
    • material contribution
  • Date of knowledge
  • Diagnosis
  • Duty of Care
  • Exposure estimation data
  • Mitigation
  • Motor related injury
  • News
  • Uncategorized

Archives

  • July 2023
  • June 2023
  • November 2020
  • January 2020
  • November 2019
  • May 2019
  • April 2019
  • March 2019
  • January 2019
  • December 2018
  • November 2018
  • September 2018
  • August 2018
  • July 2018
  • June 2018
  • April 2018
  • November 2017
  • July 2017
  • April 2017
  • May 2016
  • April 2016
  • November 2015
  • April 2015
  • March 2015
  • December 2014
  • October 2014
  • July 2014
  • April 2014
  • February 2014
  • December 2013
  • November 2013
  • October 2013
  • September 2013
  • July 2013
  • June 2013
  • April 2013
  • March 2013
  • February 2013
  • January 2013
  • December 2012
  • November 2012
  • October 2012
  • September 2012
  • August 2012
  • July 2012
  • June 2012
  • May 2012

© Re: Liability (Oxford) Ltd. 2012. All rights reserved.
Website Design by The Big Picture